保护本土野生蜂巢穴生境(图)

2017-03-20 | 来源: 朱朝东博客 | 转到微信 | 有0人参与评论 | 字体: 放大缩小 | 收藏 | 打印

　　A “bee hotel” can be as simple as a bundle of cut bamboo stems. Once bees emerge these stems should be discarded and replaced to prevent disease. Photo: Mace Vaughan

　　Some use cuts of bamboo, others cardboard tubes. Many are elaborate and quite beautiful – but the efficacy of these structures varies widely. Building a bee hotel can be a fun, crafty, D.I.Y. adventure, and provide valuable nesting habitat, but when not properly maintained these structures become a sponge for pathogens and mites which build up in the nesting material over time. If choosing to design and build or purchase a man-made bee hotel, just be aware it’s not a “set it and forget it” proposition.

　　One of the easiest ways to create a “bee hotel” with minimal effort and maintenance is simply to bundle cuts of bamboo or other hollow or pithy stems that are closed at one end (bees will not lay eggs in cavities open at both sides) and hang them in a sheltered location. If possible, orient the material so it’s facing southeast so it will be warmed by the morning sun. Bamboo, Japanese knotweed, and teasel all provide excellent material for this purpose. Often you can cut just behind the node (raised bumpy part of the stem) to create a perfect tunnel. Hang your bundle beneath a roof overhang or other sheltered location or place them in a bucket laid on its side. (For complete details and instructions checkout our fact sheet Tunnel Nests for Native Bees.) Whatever material you use, be sure to replace it every other year to destroy any pathogens or mites that may have also taken up residence in the material. A good plan is to make a new nest over the winter each year and hang it next to the old one. Once the bees have emerged in spring, remove and discard the old material.

　　Bringing it all together

　　In this illustration we show how a well designed garden can include many opportunities to provide nesting habitat as landscape features.

　　

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　　Source: USDA

　　Resources

　　Fact Sheet: Nests for Native Bees

　　Fact Sheet: Tunnel Nests for Native Bees

　　Enhancing Nest Sites for Native Bee Crop Pollinators

　　Written by Justin Wheeler, Web and Communications Specialist