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楼主 / David80
- 时间: 2013-8-19 10:58自雇与小生意中的汽车费用该如何抵税
无论是自雇还是小生意都需要用车。尤其现在油价居高不下,这其中产生的费用该如何抵税就变成大家越来越关心的问题。
判断自己是否是生意的业主只要看是否持有其股份即可。但是,要知道自己是否属于自雇,则相对复杂一些。一般来说,确定是自雇还是受雇通常取决于你对所做工作的控制程度。如果你自己控制工作的时间、地点和方式;自己提供工作用具;不需要接受工作指导,只需要报告进度;自负盈亏并自己支付与业务有关的费用,那么税务局会认为你属于自雇。反之,如果雇主决定工作地点,时间、方式、工资的多少,并提供工具,监督你的活动并且评估工作质量,你就属于受雇。
自雇人士如果在业务运作中需要使用自己的汽车,需要按里程数记录的业务用与自用的比例来申报成本。具体包括汽车保险费、汽油开支、维修开支、购车贷款利息或租赁费等。此外,汽车的折旧开支也可以计算在内。在这里特别提醒,要对汽车使用里程数进行详细记录和尽可能全的保留原始凭据,以备税务局审查。现在的智能手机上都有专门用来记录里程数的apps。你可以去尝试一下。
如果是小生意业主,你也可以用上面的方式去申报用车成本。不过,你也可以通过公司来补贴你的车用开销。这里税务局会做以下判断:
1) 公司对你的补贴金额是否合理
a) 合理,则无需包含在个人收入内,公司也可申报一定的补贴金额,但按税务局规定上限金额。
b) 不合理,则需包含在个人收入内,公司可全额申报补贴金额。
当然以上所讨论的都是私家车用于业务的情况,如果车是公司提供的则情况又有不同。
David -
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- 时间: 2013-8-19 11:21
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- 时间: 2013-8-19 12:15
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- 时间: 2013-8-21 00:17ENTREPRENEUR
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Get the most out of tax deductions for car expenses
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Don MacDonald, Special to Financial Post | 13/02/19 | Last Updated: 13/02/19 11:21 AM ET
More from Special to Financial Post
For employer and employees, deductible expenses include fuel and oil, maintenance and repair, licence and registration fees, and insurance.
Joe Raedle/Getty ImagesFor employer and employees, deductible expenses include fuel and oil, maintenance and repair, licence and registration fees, and insurance.
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Driving can be a big part of the business day for owners and their employees, and the costs of gas and other car expenses can quickly add up. It is in your best interest to make sure you claim all possible tax deductions for these expenses. The rules for these deductions are complicated, but the following highlights can set you on the road to tax savings.
Most people use the same car for business and personal travel but the deductible portion of your expenses depends on how much of your driving is for business, so it is important to keep careful track of the distances you drive for work purposes to verify your tax claims with the Canada Revenue Agency.
You can keep a log book or record business driving in your appointment calendar. The log must show the total number of kilometres driven and total business kilometres for the year. It should also include the date, destination, distance driven and the reason for each trip. Travel between work and home is normally considered personal use.
If you are self-employed and don’t carry on your business through a corporation, you can deduct your business-related car expenses from your business income. If you have a corporation and you own the car you use for business travel, the rules are more complicated as there are several options available for deducting business-related car expenses incurred by you and your employees. For this purpose, we’re assuming you’re acting in your capacity as an employee or officer of your company.
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One option is to have your company reimburse you based on the number of kilometres you drive for business. For 2013, the CRA considers a reasonable amount to be a maximum of 54￠ a kilometre (up from 53￠ for 2012) for the first 5,000 kms driven for business in the year and 48￠ (up from 47￠) for each kilometre after 5,000. Your company can deduct the amount of this payment and it will not be considered a taxable employment benefit for you. In some cases, the company may be able to justify a higher amount. However, the company will still only be able to deduct the 54￠ per km, while all of the higher amount will be tax-free for the employee.
As a business owner, you might decide not to have the company reimburse your business-related car expenses. Instead, you can pay those expenses and deduct them from your employment income from the company. This approach can be beneficial because personal tax rates are usually higher than corporate tax rates, making the deduction more valuable to you personally than it is to your company.
For employer and employees, deductible expenses include fuel and oil, maintenance and repair, licence and registration fees, and insurance. You may also be able to claim a rebate of any GST/HST paid on these expenses.
Interest on loans or financing used to purchase the car, leasing costs and capital cost allowance for a car you purchased are also deductible but are subject to limits. Your interest deduction is limited to $300 a month. Deductions for lease payments are restricted to $800 a month, plus GST/HST/PST. The depreciation rate for capital cost allowance is 15% in the year you acquire the car, followed by 30% of the remaining balance in each subsequent year.
Another option is to have your company buy a car for your use. Because the tax rules in this situation are even more complicated than those reviewed, business owners often choose to use their own cars. Briefly, if your company buys you a car, it will deduct all the related expenses but you will have to pay tax for your personal use of the car in the form of a taxable benefit called a standby charge and an operating cost benefit for expenses the company pays such as gas and insurance.
I advise clients whose companies buy vehicles to ensure they have sufficient insurance to cover all possible risks to the company and review the policy regularly to ensure it keeps up with insurance trends.
Whichever option you choose, good record keeping is vital to successfully claiming all the tax benefits to which you are entitled.
Don MacDonald is a tax partner with KPMG Enterprise in London, Ont. -
- 时间: 2013-8-21 00:17If you are required by your terms of employment to use your own vehicle and your employer does not provide a non-taxable allowance based on the number of kilometres drive, then you may deduct a portion of your automobile expenses from your income from employment. In order to make a claim, you must file a T2200 Declaration of Conditions of Employment, signed by your employer, with your tax return.
Business related operating costs such as fuel, maintenance, insurance, automobile club expenses, lease costs or interest (with limits), may be deducted in proportion to the number of business kilometres driven in the year.
If you are involved in an accident while using your vehicle for business then the full amount of the repair expenses less any insurance processes are fully deductible.
Tip: Keep a log book to record your use of the automobile as well as receipts. The log must record the total distance driven and the distance driven for work related use. The log must show:
Total number of kilometres driven
Total business kilometres for the year
The log can be an official trip log kept in your car or recorded in your appointment calendar. Choose what works best for you.
1950's car
By cliff1066 (CC 2.0) via Flickr
Capital Cost, Interest, and Lease Payments
If you purchase your vehicle outright or acquire it using a loan but not a lease, you can deduct a portion of the original cost of the vehicle (plus sales taxes).
The annual deduction is based on a percentage of the original cost of the vehicle excluding sales taxes and subject to a maximum original cost excluding sales taxes. This deduction is then proportionally reduced to the number of kilometres driven for business.
Capital Cost Allowance (CCA)
The allowable deduction for Capital Cost Allowance or CCA is 15% of the cost of the vehicle including sales taxes in the year the vehicle was purchased and 30% of the remaining balance in each of the following years. This is then reduced proportionally to the number of business kilometres driven.
For example: If vehicle with a cost of $25,000 including sales taxes is acquired in 2008, the annual tax deductions would be as follows:
Show entriesSearch:
Year
KM
KM
Rate
Maximum
Deduction
Allowable
Deduction
Showing 1 to 3 of 3 entries2008 35,000 20,000 15% $3,750 $2,143
2009 35,000 15,000 30% $6,375 $2,732
2010 35,000 30,000 30% $4,463 $3,825
If the original cost of the vehicle acquired in 2008 was $35,000 excludingsales taxes then only $30,000 plus sales taxes may be used for the purposes of determining CCA.
Interest Expense
Interest on a loan used to acquire the vehicle is subject to a monthly interest limit of $300 per month for 2008 that is then reduced proportionally to reflect the number of business kilometres driven.
See our Automobile Rates & Limits Table
Lease Costs
If you lease your vehicle then you cannot deduct capital cost allowance or interest expense. However you are entitled to deduct the annual lease expense plus applicable sales taxes and in proportion to the number of business kilometres driven in the year.
The maximum allowable deduction in 2010 was $800 per month plus sales taxes that is then reduced and in proportion to the number of business kilometres driven in the year.
See our Automobile Rates & Limits Table
Tip: If you are required to make an up-front lump sum payment, then this amount is part of your regular lease payments in the year it is paid. However, you may elect to divide the lump sum payment by the number of months in the lease and include it as part of your monthly lease payment.
Other Tips:
Driving to your place of employment is not considered business use. However, if you are required to meet with clients or make other business stops between your home and the office then the total travel during the day may be considered business rather than personal use.
If you are entitled to deduct expenses from employment income you may be entitled to claim a rebate of GST or HST paid on those expenses. See T4044 Employment Expenses.
What Business Tax Software Should You Choose?
If you have business or self-employment income to report on your personal tax return, you should be using TurboTax Home & Business. The on-line version will allow you to do a single return for only $39.99. If you have more than one return or want to save your software, try the down load version for $99.99.
CRA & Other Resources
Automobile Rates & Limits Table
CRA – T2200 Declaration of Conditions of Employment
CRA – T4044 Employment Expenses -
- 时间: 2013-8-21 00:18Passenger Vehicle Expense Limitations
Income Tax Act s. 13(7)(g), s. 67.2, s. 67.3, Income Tax Regulations R7307(1), R7307(2), R7307(3)
The Income Tax Act imposes limits on amounts than can be written off regarding passenger vehicles. The prescribed amounts for passenger vehicles purchased or leased after 2000 (and unchanged for 2013) are:
bullet maximum deduction allowed for interest on a loan to purchase a passenger vehicle is $300 per month.
bullet maximum deduction allowed for monthly lease costs per passenger vehicle is $800 plus GST or HST and any applicable PST, less any GST or HST input tax credits claimed. The deductible lease costs are prorated if the value of the vehicle exceeds the capital cost limit of $30,000.
bullet maximum cost amount for capital cost allowance (CCA) purposes is $30,000 plus taxes less input tax credits. If you pay more than this, your CCA claim will still be based on only $30,000 plus taxes, less input tax credits.
More information re CCA and vehicles:
Passenger vehicles are normally included in CCA class 10 (30% CCA, 15% in the first year)
Passenger vehicles costing greater than $30,000 are each in a separate class 10.1 (also 30% CCA, 15% in the first year, calculated on the above cost limit).
A terminal loss may not be claimed for class 10.1 vehicles.
Recapture rules do not apply to class 10.1 vehicles.
In the year of disposal of a class 10.1 vehicle, 15% CCA may be claimed.
The $30,000 limit also applies when calculating GST input tax credits on the purchase or lease of a passenger vehicle.
There are also special rules set out in the Excise Tax Act, for GST registrants for claiming input tax credits on the purchase of passenger vehicles. See Input tax credits on purchase of passenger vehicles and aircraft, and Input tax credits on motor vehicle allowances.
Note that motor vehicles which are not considered passenger vehicles do not have these limitations. See the article on vehicle definitions.
Other resources
On TaxTips.ca - see all topics related to vehicles and business -
- 时间: 2013-8-21 00:19
自雇与小生意中的汽车费用该如何抵税
