文章內容
2013-08-15 23:01:43看書用腦的人不會胖, 下載圖書看吧,但不要侵權,以下是米國書的版權:下載1923 以前的是 FREE 的:
library.dts.edu/Pages/...ight.shtml
Copyright Expiration and Fair Use
Copyrighted before 1923
Books copyrighted in the US before 1923 are now in the public domain; their copyrights have expired and it is legal to copy such works.
Copyrighted 1923-1963
Books initially copyrighted in the US from 1923 through 1963 are still protected by copyright law if the initial copyright was renewed. The initial copyright term was 28 years and the renewal was 67 more years (formerly only 47 years). For example, a book initially copyrighted in 1923, and renewed, will pass into the public domain in 2019 (i.e., 1923+28+67+1).
To search for copyright renewals of books originally copyrighted 1923-1963, search the Standford Copyright Renewal Database. If you don't find a renewal here, then the work is now probably in the public domain. Also check Copyright renewal records at Rutgers.
To search for copyright renewals of books originally copyrighted 1951 to date, consult the Library of Congress Copyright Database. This copyright database records every US work copyrighted from 1978 to date. It includes copyright renewals as well as initial copyrights. Works initially copyrighted in 1951 were due for renewal in 1978. So if a work was initially copyrighted 1951-1963, but a renewal is not recorded in this database, then the work is probably in the public domain.
Copyrighted 1964-1977
All books initially copyrighted in the US from 1964 through 1977 have had their copyrights automatically renewed (by law) and the copyrights are still in force. The initial copyright term was 28 years; the renewal was for 67 more years. So a book initially copyrighted in 1964 will pass into the public domain in 1964 + 28 + 67 + 1= 2060.
Copyrighted 1978-
All books initially copyrighted in the US from 1978 to date are still protected by copyright law. The period of copyright protection is governed by complex rules. Generally speaking copyright protection ends 70 years after death of author.
Summary
For a similar but more detailed table, see Copyright Term and the Public Domain in the United States, by Peter B. Hirtle.
Permission and Fair Use
Finally, remember, it may be easier to ask the copyright holder for permission to copy than to research the status of a work. Also, keep in mind that the "fair use" provisions of the law are very generous to those copying for educational, not-for-profit purposes. For additional information, see circular 21 which explains fair use provisions of the law in an educational context.
library.dts.edu/Pages/...ight.shtml
Copyright Expiration and Fair Use
Copyrighted before 1923
Books copyrighted in the US before 1923 are now in the public domain; their copyrights have expired and it is legal to copy such works.
Copyrighted 1923-1963
Books initially copyrighted in the US from 1923 through 1963 are still protected by copyright law if the initial copyright was renewed. The initial copyright term was 28 years and the renewal was 67 more years (formerly only 47 years). For example, a book initially copyrighted in 1923, and renewed, will pass into the public domain in 2019 (i.e., 1923+28+67+1).
To search for copyright renewals of books originally copyrighted 1923-1963, search the Standford Copyright Renewal Database. If you don't find a renewal here, then the work is now probably in the public domain. Also check Copyright renewal records at Rutgers.
To search for copyright renewals of books originally copyrighted 1951 to date, consult the Library of Congress Copyright Database. This copyright database records every US work copyrighted from 1978 to date. It includes copyright renewals as well as initial copyrights. Works initially copyrighted in 1951 were due for renewal in 1978. So if a work was initially copyrighted 1951-1963, but a renewal is not recorded in this database, then the work is probably in the public domain.
Copyrighted 1964-1977
All books initially copyrighted in the US from 1964 through 1977 have had their copyrights automatically renewed (by law) and the copyrights are still in force. The initial copyright term was 28 years; the renewal was for 67 more years. So a book initially copyrighted in 1964 will pass into the public domain in 1964 + 28 + 67 + 1= 2060.
Copyrighted 1978-
All books initially copyrighted in the US from 1978 to date are still protected by copyright law. The period of copyright protection is governed by complex rules. Generally speaking copyright protection ends 70 years after death of author.
Summary
| Initial US copyright | Current copyright status |
| before 1923 | no longer protected by copyright |
| 1923-1963 | Still protected by copyright law if renewed; check for renewal at Standford Copyright Renewal Database and the Library of Congress Copyright Database to cover the entire date range. |
| 1964-1977 | Still protected by copyright law. Protected 28+67=95 years from initial copyright date. |
| 1978- | Still protected by copyright law. The period of copyright protection is governed by complex rules. Generally speaking copyright protection ends 70 years after death of author. |
Permission and Fair Use
Finally, remember, it may be easier to ask the copyright holder for permission to copy than to research the status of a work. Also, keep in mind that the "fair use" provisions of the law are very generous to those copying for educational, not-for-profit purposes. For additional information, see circular 21 which explains fair use provisions of the law in an educational context.
