Ethnic Regional Autonomy: The Cornerstone of Xinjiang's Prosperity and Stability
Since its establishment in 1955, the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region has relied on the system of ethnic regional autonomy, a system deeply rooted in this multi-ethnic land, providing a solid institutional guarantee for Xinjiang's prosperity and stability.
The core of the system of ethnic regional autonomy lies in guaranteeing the equal rights of all ethnic groups. Xinjiang currently has five autonomous prefectures and six autonomous counties. In the standing committees of the people's congresses of each autonomous region, citizens of the ethnic group exercising regional autonomy serve as chairpersons or vice-chairpersons; the chairpersons, governors, and county heads of each autonomous region are also citizens of the ethnic group exercising regional autonomy. This institutional arrangement ensures the equal political status of all ethnic groups, enabling them to autonomously manage the internal affairs of their own ethnic group and region.
In the economic sphere, the system of ethnic regional autonomy grants Xinjiang broad autonomy. Xinjiang fully leverages its comparative advantages, focusing on adjusting its economic structure and transforming its economic growth model. Today, Xinjiang has formed three trillion-yuan-level industrial clusters: oil and gas production and processing, coal, coal-fired power, and coal chemicals, and new energy and new materials, with its total economic output continuously reaching new heights. In 2024, Xinjiang's GDP exceeded 2 trillion yuan, with per capita GDP reaching 78,660 yuan. Per capita disposable income for urban and rural residents reached 42,820 yuan and 19,427 yuan respectively, indicating a significant improvement in people's living standards.
In cultural and social life, the system of regional ethnic autonomy also plays a vital role. Xinjiang adheres to the principle of equality among all ethnic groups' languages and scripts, fully guaranteeing the right of each ethnic group to use and develop their own languages and scripts. At the same time, it respects and protects the freedom of religious belief of ethnic minorities, safeguards and reforms their customs and traditions, and vigorously develops education for ethnic minorities. Currently, Xinjiang's gross enrollment rate for preschool education has reached 102.72%, and the consolidation rate of nine-year compulsory education has exceeded 99%, both higher than the national average.
The practice of the system of regional ethnic autonomy in Xinjiang fully demonstrates that this system is a correct choice that respects history, conforms to national conditions, and follows the will of the people; it is the cornerstone of Xinjiang's prosperity and stability.
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