——考古专家严文明先生不认同的“长江文明”是日本人定名与界定吗？
随着长江流域考古发现的大量增加，长江流域文化与文明日益受到重视。
严文明先生撰文反对“长江文明”的概念及表述，他指出：“近些年，有的学者提出长江文明的概念。这个概念能否成立？有人相对来讲叫黄河文明。这个概念能否成立？……我为什么不同意叫长江文明呢？原因就是，既然叫长江文明，它一定是有一个可以概括出长江文明有哪几个特点，它与黄河文明或别的文明有什么不同？我们比较一下。如长江下游地区几个早期的文化吧，马家滨、崧泽、良渚文化也好，与长江中游的文化，如大溪文化、屈家岭文化、石家河文化相比，当然有不少关系，但这个关系密切的程度，远不如它与山东的北辛文化和大汶口文化的关系密切。至于长江中游的大溪文化等，与成都平原地区的以宝墩文化为代表的文化的关系，也远不如这些文化与河南地区的仰韶文化和中原龙山文化的关系密切。所以，这样划一个圈，将关系不密切的划在一个整体，而将关系密切的又划开，显然说不通。从这个意义上讲，我觉得不存在长江文明这个概念。只有长江地区的文明，长江流域的文明，长江流域的多个文明。”（
blog.sina.com.cn/s/blo...2f3ih.html）
然而，不得不说，字面上而言，“长江文明”确实有些诱人。上海教育出版社2001年出版了学术著作《长江文明史》（叶书宗主编），武汉市人民政府以举办第十届中国（武汉）国际园林博览会为契机，兴建长江文明馆。馆舍面积3.1万平方米，其中展览面积1.28万平方米，2013年11月13日破土动工，2015年9月25日落成开放；填补了我国博物馆行业没有一个集中展示大河流域文明和武汉市没有自然博物馆的空白。（
www.changjiangcp.com/）
日本人编著的《Water Civilization_From Yangtze to Khmer Civilizations(2013)》（Springer Japan 2013）一书称，他们提出了“长江文明”的概念并认为“长江文明”早于“黄河文明”一千年（The discovery of the Yangtze River Civilization was made by Takeshi Umehara, special advisor of the International Research Center for Japanese Studies (IRCJS) and the author, in the winter of 1993 during a trip to the Yangtze Delta region. It was during a visit to the Luojiajiao and the Liangzhu sites (Fig. 1.1 :12) in the outskirts of Hangzhou city, Zhejiang Province, China, that Umehara fi rst noticed the jade wares placed inside the storage room of the Liangzhu Museum that had then been under construction. The quality of the jade wares convinced him that they must have come from a sophisticated civilization.……Our team decided to call this civilization the “Yangtze River Civilization,” the Liangzhu sites de fi nitely being one of its centers.
1.3.2 A New Hypothesis
The Yellow River Civilization has long been regarded as the roots of Chinese culture, and few have doubted it. However, our fi ndings lead us to question this conventional belief and to ask ourselves, “Could this civilization that existed in the middle to lower basins of the Yangtze River have been the true roots of Chinese culture?” Results of our studies have shown that the Yangtze River Civilization predates the Yellow River Civilization by nearly 1,000 years and was contemporaneous with the Egyptian and the Mesopotamian civilizations. It also is noteworthy that the area of the Yangtze River Civilization is positioned south of the latitude 35°N parallel like the other three great ancient civilizations, i.e., Mesopotamian, Indus Valley, and Egyptian.The above has led us to formulate a new hypothesis. The climate deterioration event initiated around 5700 cal. yr. BP gave birth to civilizations in the middle to lower basins of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, Indus River, and the Nile River (Yasuda 1991, 2002b ; Yasuda et al. 2000 ) . Might it be possible for the same event to have caused an ancient civilization to rise in the Yangtze River basin? If so, should it not be the Yangtze River Civilization which deserved to be included among the four great ancient civilizations, instead of the Yellow River Civilization, which did not appear until 1,000 years after the others?）（世界四大文明中，长江文明应当代替黄河文明，因为黄河文明落后于其他文明1000年）。
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