大溫哥華購房指南09 看房注意事項之五 公寓系列2
大家好,上個影片跟大家聊到公寓的產權持有方式,和獨立屋的不同處在哪,也聊到公寓屋主是由管理公司的方式持有公共區域。我們這個影片就來聊一聊,買公寓以前,要如何審查一個管理公司的營運好壞。
我會建議大家,要仔細檢查三份文件:折舊報告,財務報表,還有管理委員會的會議紀錄。
1. 折舊報告(Depreciation Report)
a. 如果是管理良好的公寓,一般會請工程師公司幫公寓大樓做一份建築物狀況評估。這份報告評估什麼呢? 他就是告訴管理公司,這個公寓大樓的各項設施的現在狀況和剩下的使用年限,還有將來要做更新的時候要花多少錢。
這個報告讓管理公司方便規劃公寓未來的財務,以便支付定期的大樓各項大小修理和更新。
這份報告,其實BC省的法律並沒有強制規定各個公寓大樓一定要有,因為它是很花錢的,根據公寓複雜程度,有數千或是數萬元費用,所以有些管理委員會為了省錢,就沒有請公司做這份報告。
我的建議是,如果你買的是10年以上的公寓,已經過了保修期限,而且還沒有折舊報告,那我會建議你就不要買了,因為你自己請來的驗屋師是沒有辦法幫你做大樓狀況評估的,等於你是買了一個不明白狀況的房子。就好像買二手車不先請維修人員先幫你驗車一樣,你就是純賭運氣了。
b. 那如果有這就報告的話,我會建議你仔細看看幾個項目。
首先是屋頂狀況,再來是外牆,最後是供水和排水管。這幾個項目的維修是公寓最昂貴的花費,我會建議買公寓前先看看他們當下的狀況,以及預計在多久的未來要更新,還有花費要多少,管理公司打算怎麼支付這些費用。
我有看過公寓因為外牆滲水腐爛,每戶住戶要花費接近10萬元的情況。那這種情況如果沒有現金支付,也只能賣房換錢了,可是有漏水問題的房子又很難賣到好價錢,真的是欲哭無淚了。
2. 財務報表
既然是管理公司,那也自然會有它的財務報表。
其實買公寓就像是買一個公司的股票一樣,如果它的財務營運不好,那就會讓你有所虧損。
如果你的管理公司財務把關不好,常常亂花錢,那你每月的管理費就會很高。如果你的公寓沒有定期做好該有的保養和維修,那在未來可能就有一筆筆昂貴的特別維修費用,這些費用少則數千,多則數萬,所以你要很仔細的研究這些財務報表。
你最低限度的要懂得讀資產負債表(Balance Sheet)以及損益表(Income Statement),如果不懂,一定要記得問你的經紀或是會計師。
3. 會議記錄
管理委員會每年都會有一年一度的屋主大會(Annual General Meeting)和定期的月會議。我建議買公寓的所有人都要仔細的看看過去唡年的會議紀錄,特別是注意管理公司有沒有官司問題,大樓裡有沒有蟲害,竊盜,或是漏水問題。甚至住戶的品質,比如噪音,寵物大小便,公共衛生,租客問題等等,都可以從它們的會議紀錄裡看到一些缐索。
書面的地方我們講到這邊,下個影片和大家討論,實際進屋看公寓單位時,有什麼要注意的地方,請大家期待,掰掰。
大溫哥華的購房指南,說明在大溫哥華地區,買房子的過程中,很有可能會碰到的問題,和應對方法。
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