Bill C-279 that intends to protect transgender individuals’ rights seems to give transgendered men access to women’s bathroom facilities. It has caused confusion and stirred heated controversy in the community. Xie He’s article helps interpret the proposed law that has been dubbed “bathroom bill”.
如此惊世骇俗的法案,关系到我等草民的切身利益, 岂能等闲视之。于是笔者忧心忡忡,亲自到到国会官网上查询这条俗称为“厕所法案”的 Bill C279的原文。真是不查不知道,一查哭笑不得。
现在让我们来看看它到底是怎么回事:
Bill C279十分简短,归纳起来,就只是在现行的加拿大人权法案(Canadian Human Rights Act )的反歧视条目中加入了两个字 - “gender identity”。
加拿大人权法案(Canadian Human Rights Act )施行于 1977年。它的反歧视条款内容如下:
For all purposes of this Act, the prohibited grounds of discrimination are race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, marital status, family status, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered. (基于本法案的全部目的, 禁止因如下原因被歧视 - 种族、民族、原住国、肤色、宗教、年龄、性别、性取向、婚姻状况、家庭状况、残疾、以及已被赦免的控罪或已被取消的犯罪记录。)
Bill C279 仅仅是在其中加入了“gender identity”。这是个什么东西呢? 在同一法案附加的刑法(Criminal Code)文字定义中是: the person's deeply felt internal and individual experience of gender, which may or may not correspond with the sex that the person was assigned at birth.”(个人内心对自己性别的认知和感受,可能符合原本生理性别,也可能不同)。通俗地说,就是“心理性别”,它可能符合生理性别,也可能相反。
网上搜索了一下,原来是一位保守党议员 Rob Anders 在 2013 年首先把 Bill C279 冠名为“厕所法案”的。也是他首次提出这条法案危害了妇女和儿童的安全,国会有责任“防止男人进入女厕所”。不过显然并非所有的党内同志都像他一样担忧,因为随即有十八位联邦保守党议员为这个法案投了赞成票, 其中有四位还是在职联邦部长。