外科醫生和一些專科醫生的分類與介紹(供新移民參考。若有遺漏和錯誤,敬請指正。):
1.外科醫生(Surgeon):
1) General surgery 普通外科 :
a) Cardiothoracic surgery 心胸肺外科
b) Colorectal surgery 結腸直腸外科
c) Pediatric surgery 小兒外科
d) Plastic surgery 整形手術
e)Vascular surgery 血管外科
f) Trauma surgery 創傷外科
g) Breast surgery 乳腺外科
h)Surgical Oncology 腫瘤外科
i) Endocrine surgery 內分泌外科
j)Dermatological Surgery 皮膚科手術
2) Otolaryngology 耳鼻喉科
3)Oral and maxillofacial surgery 口腔頜面外科
4)Orthopaedic surgery 矯形外科
5)Neurosurgery 神經外科
6)Ophthalmology 眼科
7)Podiatric surgery 足外科
Urology 泌尿外科
......
(注:與外科醫生密切配合的是Anesthesiologist 麻醉師。In the United States, anesthesiologists are physicians (MD or DO) who have chosen to specialize in anesthesiology。當然有的時候有Nurse Anesthetist或Anesthesiologist's Assistants來擔負/協助麻醉。他們的工作十分重要。想一想,總要把病人麻倒了,外科醫生的牛刀才能上啊! )
2.專科醫生:
Specialist Specialty Focus
Anesthesiologist 麻醉師 Anesthesia Anesthesia : the administration of drugs to dull sensation or awareness.
Cardiologist 心臓科醫生Cardiology Disease of the cardiovascular system . The field is commonly divided into subdisciplines dealing with congenital heart defects, coronary artery disease, heart failure, valvular heart disease and electrophysiology.
Dermatologist 皮膚科醫生 Dermatology Skin and its appendages (hair, nails, sweat glands etc).
Emergency MD 急診醫生 Emergency medicine The initial management of emergent medical conditions, often in hospital emergency departments or the field.
Endocrinologist 內分泌科醫生 EndocrinologyThe endocrine system (i.e. endocrine glands and hormones ) and its diseases, including diabetes and thyroid diseases.
Gastroenterologist 胃腸科醫師Gastroenterology The alimentary tract.
Geriatrician 老年病科醫師 GeriatricsElderly patients.
Hematologist 血液學家 Hematology The Blood, the blood-forming organs, and blood diseases. Hematology is grouped with oncology in the US.
Hepatologist 肝臓病學家 Hepatology The liver and biliary tract, usually a part of gastroenterology.
Infectious disease MD 傳染病學家Infectious diseaseDiseases caused by biological agents
Intensive care medicine MD 重症監護專家Intensive care medicineLife support and management of critically ill patients, often in an ICU.
Nephrologist 腎臓專科醫師 NephrologyKidney disease.
Neurologist 神經科醫師 NeurologyDiseases involving the central, peripheral, and autonomic nervous systems.
Obstetrician and Gynecologist 婦產科醫師 Obstetrics and gynecologyFemale reproductive organs, pregnancy, and childbirth.
Oncologist 腫瘤學家/ 腫瘤科醫師 OncologyCancer and other malignant diseases, often grouped with hematology.
Ophthalmologist 眼科醫師OphthalmologyDeal with the diseases and surgery of the visual pathways, including the eye, hairs and areas surrounding the eye, such as the lacrimal system and eyelids.
Pain Specialist 痛症專科醫師Pain ManagementA new specialty of medicine that deals with the evaluation and treatment of people with acute or chronic pain. Anesthesiologists, neurologists, neurosurgeons and orthopedic surgeons most frequently specialize in pain management. Some physiatrists also specialize in pain management.
Palliative care MD 舒緩療法專家 Palliative careA relatively modern branch of clinical medicine that deals with pain and symptom relief and emotional support in patients withterminal illnesses including cancer and heart failure.
Pathologist 病理學家 PathologyUnderstanding disease through examination of molecules, cells, tissues and organs. The term encompasses both the medical specialty which uses tissues and body fluids to obtain clinically useful information, as well as the related scientific study of disease processes.
Pediatrician 兒科醫師PediatricsDeal with the medical care of infants, children, and adolescents (from newborn to age 16-21, depending on the country).
Physical Therapist or Physical Therapy Physician 理療師(受訓過的專家,有的擁有doctorate degree.)Physical TherapyProvide treatment to individuals to develop, maintain and restore maximum movement and function throughout life. This includes providing treatment in circumstances where movement and function are threatened by aging, injury, disease or environmental factors.
Proctologist 肛腸科醫師 ProctologyDisease in the rectum, anus, and colon.
Psychiatrist 精神病科醫師 PsychiatryThe bio-psycho-social study of the etiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of cognitive, perceptual, emotional and behavioral disorders. Related non-medical fields include psychotherapy and clinical psychology.
Pulmonologist 肺科醫師 PulmonologyThe lungs and respiratory system. Pulmonology is generally considered a branch of internal medicine, although it is closely related to intensive care medicine when dealing with patients requiring mechanical ventilation.
Radiologist 放射科醫師 RadiologyThe use of radiation in medical imaging and diagnosis. X-rays, etc.
Rheumatologist 風濕病科醫師 RheumatologyAutoimmune and inflammatory diseases of the joints and other organ systems, such as arthritis and other rheumatic diseases.
|
|
|